The second webinar of the 2026-27 season will be on Thursday 15th October at 4pm (BST). 

Project iDeer – a tool for strategic woodland creation and deer management

With Amy Gresham and Becks Spake

Wild deer populations have increased dramatically throughout the northern hemisphere during recent decades. The UK is home to six deer species that can substantially impact the natural systems that we all depend upon. Capable of rapidly colonising newly created woodlands, deer can inhibit growth by browsing young trees, saplings, and seedlings. Consequently, deer present a serious challenge to the government’s ambitious target to increase woodland area from 13% to 18% of UK land area and achieve net zero by 2050. It is therefore essential that people involved in woodland management plan for deer impacts.

Whilst managing deer populations and designing planting schemes to mitigate their impacts is more important than ever, managing deer is challenging. They are highly mobile animals that cross man-made boundaries, and their local foraging decisions are driven by environmental characteristics of the broader landscape. Consequently, local management actions on a single property can elicit effects that cascade across entire landscapes and influence deer impacts on land elsewhere. For example, fencing a woodland might displace deer to neighbouring farmland, or planting trees locally will alter woodland cover and configuration at the landscape scale, influencing deer movement and impacts elsewhere.

Rural landscapes across England and Wales are comprised of patchworks of land uses and landowners with varying and even conflicting management objectives, including different views on deer. Indeed, while considered a ‘pest’ to many landowners, deer are culturally and economically valued by others. In such situations, woodland creation and management decisions that influence deer behaviour and foraging preferences are necessary to ensure successful woodland expansion. These decisions could include, for example, where to locate new woodlands, fencing, alterations to woodland tree species and structure, or the provision of alternative food resources or deer repellents. However, landowners may not be aware of these options, their effectiveness, or the scientific evidence behind them. Indeed, while scientific understanding of deer ecology, impacts and mitigation is evidenced by a vast literature from across the temperate zone, much remains to be done to translate this knowledge into management practice, in a way that integrates local expertise and multiple stakeholder objectives. Project iDeer has been designed to address this incorporation and implementation gap.

Project iDeer will deliver a co-designed interactive decision support tool – the ‘iDeer Tool’ – to facilitate strategic woodland creation and management that minimises deer impacts on new and existing woodland and other neighbouring land uses in England and Wales. Landowner consultations from previous projects have established a clear desire for digital decision support tools that integrate local with scientific knowledge to inform land management plans. The iDeer tool will output ‘risk maps’ that enable users to see how choices in woodland management made by one landowner will influence deer activity on neighbouring land and the wider landscape. For example, how the creation and fencing of one hectare of woodland on one land parcel might increase crop disturbance by deer on the neighbouring land parcel. Users will be able to output and compare these risk maps enabling them to make informed decisions about how to manage their land whilst also considering impacts on neighbours and the wider landscape.

For more background on the project please see https://research.reading.ac.uk/ideer/

Amy Gresham Amy is an ecologist interested in researching the environmental drivers of animal behaviour and implications for population management and conservation. She has a PhD from Bangor University, where she studied the habitat use and diet of a fallow deer (Dama dama) population in North Wales. Following the PhD, Amy was a Postdoctoral Researcher at the University of Reading and University of Southampton on the iDeer project, where she designed expert-informed Bayesian Belief Network models to predict deer impact risk to woodlands across England and Wales. Amy is now a Postdoctoral Research Associate exploring Landscape Restoration and Connectivity indicators with Rob Fletcher’s team at the University of Cambridge.

Becks Spake Becks is an Associate Professor in Climate and Environmental Change in the School of Geography and Environmental Sciences at the University of Southampton. Her research focuses principally on deer and forest management, using causal inference, machine learning, simulation and fieldwork. She previously led the iDeer Project, and now leads the NERC-funded project ‘PRECISE’: Precision Ecology for a Changing World, which seeks to develop workflows for ecologists to make causal predictions about restoration outcomes. More here: https://treelabecology.weebly.com/

To book your place please visit this link.  

The first webinar of the 2026-27 season will be on Thursday 17th September at 4pm (BST). 

Qualification – Dimensioning: A high quality – low input strategy for continuous cover management

With Georg Josef Wilhelm

“Qualification–Dimensioning” (QD) strives for the best integration into the natural dynamics of woodland ecosystems. Both the observation and careful assessment of above-ground interactions between trees provide the framework for targeted management practices. As a comprehensive methodology, QD offers a reliable basis for the production of very high added value stems in a small number of trees with very large crowns. Although these stems prdouce a low proportion of the total volume from the overall stand, they make a very high contribution to the total added economic value whilst reducing management costs.  Additionally, woodlands and forests managed under QD have considerable scope to provide for high value ecosystem and biodiversity services without compromise to high value timber objectives.

QD can be applied to woodlands of any composition and structure. It enables the straightforward conversion of young, even-aged forests into uneven-aged, continuous cover woodlands. QD allows for a wide range of tree species to be included in the mixture.

Qualification: During the early period of their dynamic height growth, the spontaneous development of the trees is given free rein to select according to vitality. Intimate contact between the trees drives the processes of differentiation and structuring. The effects of these processes intensify and solidify with each subsequent vegetation period. QD does not intervene in this spontaneous process in any substantial way. In terms of management, it is only important to ensure that there will be sufficient options in terms of number, distribution and species diversity when the time comes to select the target-trees.

Dimensioning: Once the desired knot-free stem height has been reached, the target-trees for the production of added value are selected. The intended branch-free stem height for the target-trees in QD is around 25% of their final height. Throughout the dimensioning phase, the target-trees are favoured by repeated interventions to exclude the death of branches at their crown base an to make sure that their crown spread progresses unhindered.

Maturation: Once a target-tree has reached 75-80% of its final height, crown contact with other target-trees is harmless.

Regeneration and Establishment: Regeneration is a perpetual process that sets in when trees are in their advanced dimensioning phase. Any operations and investments, including planting if necessaray, are restricted to clumps measuring 5 to 7 metres in diameter, spaced 12 to 18 (24) metres apart. These clumps ensure sufficient recruitment of future target-trees.

Georg Josef Wilhelm was born in 1957 and completed his Forest Sciences studies at the University of Freiburg in 1981. Following careers as a forest planner, forest office manager and department head at the Central Office of the Forestry Administration of Rhineland-Palatinate, he served as a senior official in the Ministry of Climate Protection, Environment, Energy and Mobility of Rhineland-Palatinate from 2015. Until his retirement in June 2023, he was responsible for close-to-nature forest management, forest protection, forest planning, and forest research. From 2005 to 2019, he was a member of the Scientific Council of the French National Forestry Office (ONF).

He developed the close-to-nature forest management strategy Qualification-Dimensioning (QD), which has been playing an important role in Rhineland-Palatinate for more than 30 years now.

He has close ties to practical forestry through his honorary engagement, including 10 years as first deputy mayor, in the town of Blieskastel with its 1,900-hectare municipal forest. However, his most significant connection to continuous-cover management is his own private woodland in north-eastern France, which was awarded the Nature Impact Fund of WWF France in 2025.

 

To book your place please visit this link. 

CCFG will be hosting their next webinar – Why do we need to be concerned about deer? – with David Jam – on Thursday 20th November at 4pm GMT. 

Summary of presentation:

• • • • • • • • • • • Why we are where we are
                    • What is the current situation with wild deer in the UK?
                    • How big is the risk
                    • What are their impacts?
                    • Some case studies

 

 

David has over 35 years’ experience within forestry and deer management, at a practitioner, operational and strategic level within the public and private sector.

He is based in Herefordshire but has a national remit. 

His experience has included:

• Forestry Contractor
• Forest manager (Harvesting and Establishment)
• Wildlife manager and National Wildlife Lead
• Deer Officer and Director Deer Initiative Ltd
• National Deer Policy Advisor Forest Services/Forestry Commission

 

His current remit includes:

• Embedding deer into current and future policy, guidance and incentives to support increased levels of deer control
• Provision of advice to DEFRA and other government departments.
• Increasing Sector skills and capacity
• Developing the evidence base
• Improving the venison supply chain
• Development of the England Deer Strategy/Action plan as part of governments Environmental Improvement Plan.
• Commissioning evidence gathering and research.
• Leading the FC Deer Officer team, setting regional and national priorities related to protecting woodland creation and the management of existing woodlands.
• Representing Forestry Commission on national stakeholder groups
• A director of Deer Management Qualifications Ltd (DMQ)

 

To book your place please visit this link. 

CCFG will be hosting their next webinar – Woodland Ecosystems and Carbon – with Tom Crowther and Kate Holl – on Thursday 16th October at 4pm BST. 

The relationship between woodland ecosystems and carbon is a complicated but increasingly important one, with many European countries now proritising sustainable forest management as a way of building resilience to climate change and pests and diseases. Our autumn webinar will be a fascinating discussion with Thomas Crowther and Kate Holl.

Thomas Ward Crowther is a professor of ecology and the founding co-chair of the advisory board for the United Nations Decade on Ecosystem Restoration. He is the head of Crowther Lab, an interdisciplinary research group exploring the role of biodiversity in regulating Earth’s climate. In 2020 he founded Restor, an international organization that supports hundreds of thousands of local community-restoration initiatives across the globe. He was a finalist in Prince William’s earthshot prize, and the world economic forum recognized him as a young global leader for his contributions to global nature conservation.

Kate Holl has been a woodland advisor with NatureScot and its predecessors for almost 40 years, specialising in assessing woodland habitat condition, particularly the evaluation of herbivore impacts in natural woodland. She is a joint author of the Woodland Herbivore Impact Assessment method, and in 2017 under a Churchill Fellowship, travelled widely within the North Eastern Atlantic bioregion to learn about the flora of woodlands less impacted by herbivores.

 

To book your place please visit this link. 

CCFG will be hosting their next webinar – Biomass – Fuel – Silviculture: The role of CCF in fire prevention- with Alex Held – on Thursday 23rd January 2025 4-5.30pm.

Weather permitting, all biomass can become fuel for a wildfire. Fire spread is determined by the fire behaviour influencing factors: weather, topography, and fuels. While we foresters cannot modify weather nor topography, biomass (fuel) we can indeed modify and with this have positive or negative influence on fire spread, fire intensity and its severity and negative effects. CCF is providing a toolbox of silvicultural measures to increase our forests resilience in that regard.

Alexander Held holds an MSc in Forest Science from Freiburg University, Germany. He started as a fire ecologist at the Fire Ecology working group of the Max-Planck Society, got a number of operational qualifications in the US and South Africa. He moved from fire ecology to fire management and worked with the Global Fire Monitoring Center GFMC in Europe and Southern Africa. Later, Alex worked with the South African Working on Fire Program, from its early beginnings till 2012, when he joined EFI.

At EFI, Alex works on the current project Waldbrand-Klima-Resilienz, where the exchange of expertise and knowledge, mutual assistance and cooperation in Europe is the tool to create more resilient landscapes and better-informed fire management for Germany. His expertise is in fire management, silviculture and deer management for resilient forests.

See examples of Alex’s work in media here.

To book your place please visit this link. 

Continuous Cover Forestry Question Time – CCFQT2

Please join us for our second online CCF question time on Thursday 21st November at 4pm. Our Chair, Jonny Hulson, will be joined by a panel of foresters: Hazel Cowan, Andrew Leslie and David Pengelly. The panel members will reply to questions about any aspect of CCF. The questions can either be provided in advance or posted during the session (the panel would appreciate some advance notice of as many questions as possible!).

• • Hazel Cowan has been a forest manager for over 25yrs working mainly in the north of Scotland on private estates for Cawdor Forestry Ltd. She has been fortunate to have worked in forests where she has been able to practice CCF, almost exclusively with Scots pine using group selection systems or strip felling. Hazel has learnt that CCF requires a lot of patience and that you don’t always get it right first time! She’s also starting to underplant larch and initiate regeneration of Douglas fir.
  • Andrew Leslie is a forestry educator and researcher with more than thirty five years’ experience across a range of jobs and countries. He has managed silvicultural research in the UK and in Somalia, Lesotho, Vanuatu and Guyana covering natural forest through to plantations and temperate to tropical and across a range of different cultural environments. Currently Andrew is part of a team at Forest Research conducting silvicultural and wood properties research, with specific responsibility for CCF, short rotation forestry and species mixtures. For twenty four years he led the development and management of undergraduate and postgraduate degree courses in forestry, delivered through part-time, distance-learning and full-time teaching at the National School of Forestry.
  • David Pengelly is a fellow of the ICF. Having worked in the forestry industry since the 1980’s and operated as an independent manager and consultant since 1997, he has considerable experience in a broad range of forestry related issues. David’s client base includes large estates, voluntary organisations, public sector and smaller privately owned woodlands, covering a range of forest and woodland types. David has particular expertise in timber harvesting and marketing. He is a director of SelectFor Ltd and Partner of D&H Pengelly Forestry & Agi-environment Consultants. David is responsible for several properties where owners’ objectives are met through the long-term application of Continuous Cover Forestry principles, resulting in the emergence of well-developed permanently irregular stand structures.

This is a second event along the lines of the previous event held in March this year, with a slightly longer timeslot. Booking is essential, please use this link. 

 

Following the webinar on 23rd May with Victoria Stokes talking about an experiment in underplanting in conifers at Clocaenog Forest, a recording has now been made available on  YouTube which you can view using this link.  

 

CCFG will be hosting their next webinar – Underplanting of conifers in Britain – with Victoria Stokes – on Thursday 23rd May 2024 4-5pm.

Underplanting is a relatively little-used technique for establishing trees while avoiding the disadvantages of clearfelling and may become increasingly important where a change of species is desirable. This webinar will report results from an underplanting experiment in the long-running CCF trial area at Clocaenog Forest in North Wales. Survival and growth of five different conifer species planted under a mature Sitka spruce overstorey will be compared. Impacts of the subsequent thinning operations and the final overstorey removal on survival of the underplanted seedlings will be presented, and responses of the five species to the removal of the overstorey 9 years after planting will be examined. Some operational “lessons learned” will also be highlighted.

Victoria is a Senior Scientist in the Silviculture and Wood Properties Science Group at Forest Research. She has over 20 years’ experience in carrying out research on management of Britain’s forests to increase resilience to climate change and biotic threats, whilst maintaining productivity. She leads research on Upland Silviculture, focussing on management techniques which increase tree species diversity and stand age structure, such as Continuous Cover Forestry. She has contributed to many collaborative projects and is a Fellow of the Institute of Chartered Foresters.

To book your place please visit this link. 

Following the webinar on 21st March with Danny Alder talking about the biodiversity research project on the Rushmore Estate on the Dorset-Wiltshire border looking at the responses of woodland birds, bats and woodland plants to different stand management, a recording has now been made available on  YouTube which you can view using this link. 

You can also watch Andy Poore’s talk on Applying CCF in Lowland Broadleaved Woods, which also refers to the Rushmore Estate, but was recorded in October 2021. 

CCFG will be hosting their next webinar – Biodiversity responses to transformation to irregular high forest – with Danny Alder – on Thursday 21st March 2024 4-5pm.

Danny’s talk will be about the biodiversity research project on the Rushmore Estate on the Dorset-Wiltshire border looking at the responses of woodland birds, bats and woodland plants to different stand management with a particular focus on the introduction of irregular high forest management.

The forest manager at Rushmore is Andy Poore, a founder member of CCFG, who gave a webinar in 2021 – to watch Andy’s talk for more background on this site please see this link. 

Understanding how biodiversity responds to changes in the management of woodlands can be helpful to forest managers, especially in woodlands with a high nature conservation value, and more generally where the aim of forest management is to work with natural processes towards sustainable management. In this study on the Rushmore Estate, in the Cranborne Chase National Landscape, different taxonomic groups were sampled across different stand types. These included 1) traditional coppice and coppice with standards, 2) limited intervention, stands where management had effectively stopped for at least 30 years, 3) Irregular high-forest; a single tree or small group selection system which had been introduced in the 1980’s, and 4) Transitional management where stands were at the early stages of transformation towards irregular high-forest, which had come out of production and were either over-stood coppice or pole-stage, closed canopy. To help understand the responses of the different taxonomic groups it was important to look at how the structure of the woodland varied and relate these structural characteristics to the different species encountered.

The talk will highlight the study methods and main findings, and will discuss the implications of the research which has produced three peer-reviewed papers in Forest Ecology and Management. A summary technical article is due to appear in the spring of 2024 in the Quarterly Journal of Forestry.

Dr Danny Alder undertook this research towards his PhD within the Natural Sciences department at Manchester Metropolitan University. Danny lives in Dorset and is an ecologist working in countryside management. He has a special interest in conservation ecology and research focusing on woodlands and their management.

To book your place please visit this link.